How Are Miner Fees/Gas Fees Calculated?

Gas fees are the costs associated with each transaction on the blockchain, similar to transaction fees in everyday life, and can be viewed as the transaction fee for on-chain activities. Most of the time, it determines the priority of transaction orders.

Different blockchains calculate miner fees differently. For example, Ethereum's gas fees consist of a base fee and a priority fee, calculated as: number of gas units used x (base fee + priority fee). In contrast, Solana's fees include miner fees and rent, where rent is for storing data on-chain, and miner fees are fixed with no bidding concept; users cannot increase the probability of their transaction being included in the next block by raising transaction fees.